The Chevy Volt concept car, a plug in hybrid electric car, was unveiled in New York in 2007.
An electric car only uses batteries to get the vehicle from point A to point B. A purely electric car can be desirable because it has no emissions, and can be charged overnight when energy is cheaper making it a lot more affordable to operate than a conventional car. The downside is that currently electric cars have a rather limited range, which may be fine for your daily commute, but unsuitable for longer trips.
As you probably know, an electric hybrid vehicle is a car that has both a gasoline engine and an electric motor. The electric motor is there to assist the conventional combustion engine. When it comes to slowing down, the electric motor in the hybrid car is used to recapture some of the energy back into the battery. Hybrid cars are great, because they can get 40+ miles per gallon in town(!) and if some one really knows how to drive one (yes, it takes a new set of skills to get the most out of one of these hybrid cars) they can get over 60 miles per gallon. The problem is that emissions are still produced, even though, on a smaller scale. Some examples of hybrid cars are the Toyota Prius, Honda Civic Hybrid and Ford Escape Hybrid. The Toyota Prius is by far the most popular hybrid car of all.
Watch coverage of the Chevy Volt at the New York Auto Show.
Plug In Hybrid Electric Car - Chevy Volt - Funny bloopers R us
The next step up on the automotive evolutionary ladder would be an plug-in hybrid car, which basically combines the best features of the silent, local-emission-free pure-electric car and the efficient and long-range capable hybrid car. The plug-in hybrid car (or PHEV if you are a geek) has a larger battery pack for a 30-50 mile all electric range, which is about what an average U.S. person would need for their daily commute. In the evening, the plug-in hybrid is recharged using grid electricity. On longer trips when the battery gets low enough the car switches to the hybrid car mode. Mixed driving fuel mileage can exceed a whopping 100+ miles per gallon if driven right, and if you don’t take it out of town for a while, it can exceed 500 miles per gallon.
In recent years, basically soon after the second generation of Toyota Prius appeared on the market, people started to convert them to plug-in hybrids (PHEVs). A non-profit group CalCars (CalCars.org) has been pioneering the technology, and now they have several Toyota Priuses converted. A Canadian company called Hymotion is making kits and performs installations for Toyota Prius cars and Ford Escape Hybrid SUVs. Their products are only available for fleet vehicles only at this time with kits for individual owners of these hybrid cars coming soon.
Production plug-in hybrid cars are still some time off in the future, though. Manufacturers are citing the need for battery technology to improve a bit more. The only type of battery that has the right energy density and performance is the one that they have been using in laptop computers for years: lithium ion batteries. Unfortunately, the demands put on them in the plug-in hybrid car application is high and they are still prone to overheating, which can cause fires. They are also expensive.
Toyota has been publicly belittling aftermarket plug-in hybrid efforts, but it may be just a ploy to create the right atmosphere for when they launch their own PHEVs. Rumor has it that they have been working on their own battery technology.
On the other hand, General Motors took their concept car the Chevy Volt to the auto show circuit, which created considerable buzz. They promote it as a pure electric car that has an internal combustion engine to charge the battery, but sorry to say this, that makes it a plug-in hybrid vehicle. The Chevy Volt looks sharp not just by Chevrolet or GM standards but for anybody’s. It is said to be able to get as far as 40 miles in electric car mode; and beyond that it functions as a hybrid car. It has a small gasoline engine that when it’s running it spins at 1,800 RPMs. As it turns out, though, the gas engine will start running in the background after about 25 miles to prevent complete depletion, which contributes to longevity of the batteries. The Chevy Volt can only become a production vehicle when the suppliers GM is working with get their act together. Some experts estimate that the Chevy Volt may hit the show rooms between 2010 and 2012.